小词详解 | detractor
detractor 英 [dɪˈtræktə(r)] 美 [dɪˈtræktər]
GMAT
外刊例句
Yet for all its detractors, cash is puzzlingly resilient.
不过尽管贬损者众多,现金却依旧莫名其妙地坚韧。
——《经济学人》Barbie may not be everyone’s favorite companion—detractors love to hate her plastic perfection—but the fashion doll with the impossible figure has long been the most popular girl at Mattel.
芭比娃娃也许不是所有人心爱的玩伴——批评者喜欢攻击她塑料制的完美造型——但这个身材只应天上有的时装洋娃娃,长久以来一直是美泰儿公司最受欢迎的女孩。
——《时代周刊》
基本释义
[noun] a person who disparages someone or something
[名词] 贬低某人或某事的人
深入解读
Detractor 这个单词比较好记,拼写上来说就是在熟词 tractor (拖拉机、牵引机)的前面多加了前缀 de- (向下、降低、减少)。两者虽然含义相差较远,但却是同源词,与熟词 attract, contract, abstract 等一样都源自词根 tract (拉、抽、引,拉丁语拼作“trahere”)。
其中, detractor 于14世纪末经英国法语 detractour 、古法语 detractor 或直接由拉丁语 detrahere (取下、推倒、贬低)的施事名词 detractor 进入英语,也是用作名词表示“诋毁者、贬低者、恶意批评者”,常用复数 detractors 作正式用语使用,尤指那些经常试图通过恶意或不公平的批评来使某人或某事看起来不那么好、有效、有价值或者重要的人,比如:
她在美国的首次演出将会让很多诋毁她的人闭嘴。
Her US debut will silence many of her detractors.这本书最咄咄逼人的恶意批评者们是格鲁吉亚人。
The book's most strident detractors were Georgians.
好书用例
Yet as a teacher, I recognized that it was excessive fear and self-doubt that were the greatest detractors of personal genius.
但是,作为一名教师,我意识到过分的害怕和自我怀疑是毁掉我们才能的最大因素。
出自美国财商教育类畅销书《富爸爸穷爸爸》(Rich Dad Poor Dad)。
同近义词
critic: a person who expresses an unfavorable opinion of something
disparager: a person who criticizes someone as being of little worth
denigrator: a person who criticizes someone or something unfairly
往期回顾